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Citric acid being mixed into raw milk with a pH meter reading 4.1 on a dairy farm.

Milk Acidification: A Game-Changer for On-Farm H5N1 Inactivation

A new study has confirmed that acidifying raw milk to a pH of 4.1 using citric acid can fully deactivate the H5N1 avian influenza virus within six hours. This low-cost, farm-friendly method offers a practical alternative to pasteurization, especially for small and medium dairy operations managing waste milk.

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Futuristic lunar base with astronauts repairing cracked bricks using bio-slurry technology under Earthrise.

Bacteria to the Rescue: New Technique Repairs Lunar Bricks for Future Moon Bases

Researchers have successfully demonstrated a new technique to repair lunar construction materials using Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP). By filling cracks in sintered lunar simulant bricks with a bacteria-driven bio-slurry, scientists restored up to 55% of the bricks’ original strength. This sustainable repair method could be key to building durable, long-term habitats on the Moon using local resources.

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